Abstract: Background: Limb Length Discrepancy (LLD) has been associated with many pelvic and lumber biomechanical conditions including: low back pain, scoliosis and osteoarthritis in the hip joint. No much studies shed the light on the relationship between LLD and pelvic obliquity. Thus, the aim of this study is to clarify if pelvic obliquity affected by LLD.
Methods: The search was conducted by using the databases: MEDLINE, Cochrane library and Google Scholar, PubMed, using the following keywords: "limb length discrepancy, spinopelvic abnormalities “for published studies from 2012-2022. PRISMA flowchart will be produced based on the search results and the inclusion/exclusion criteria. To facilitate the assessment of possible risk of bias for each study, information will be collected using the (Cochrane collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias).
Results: Pelvic obliquity and pelvic tilt are changed by mild degrees of LLD while, compensations from the lower limbs begin to appear with LLD greater than 20 mm. Regarding Pelvic Obliquity changes, it was revealed that the mean baseline Pelvic Obliquity was 1.73 changes to 6.81. Two studies assessed pelvic torsion, showed significant decrease from baseline to after with mean difference of 1.437, 95%CI: (0.931 to 1.943), and p-value 0.0029. Two studies assessed Pelvic tilt, showed significant differences from baseline to after with mean difference of 0.492, 95%CI: (0.0393 to 0.944) and p-value 0.0013.
Conclusion: LLD has important effect on pelvic obliquity. LLD causes clinical symptoms such as back pain, gait abnormalities, back muscle imbalances. The adverse effects of LLD can be prevented by proper and early detection and management.
