Abstract: The main agenda of this research study was to create a comparison between the outcomes, both clinical and functional, of suprapatellar versus infrapatellar tibial nail insertion for upper one-third shaft fractures of the tibia. Randomized controlled trials' meta-analysis was performed, looking at variables such operating time, blood loss, Lysholm knee score, visual analog scale for pain, range of motion, time of union, duration of hospital stays, long-term deformity occurrences, and radiographic outcomes.
Compared to the infrapatellar method, the suprapatellar technique showed a number of advantages. Total bleeding, discomfort levels on a visual analog scale, and fluoroscopy times all decreased significantly as a result. Additionally, the suprapatellar group scored significantly higher on Lysholm knee evaluations. In line with expectations, callus development and fracture healing took place between 6 and 8 weeks and 14 to 20 weeks, respectively.
Due to its stable fixation and decreased risk of soft tissue injury, intramedullary nailing has traditionally been used to treat tibial shaft fractures, which are frequently caused by trauma of a greater intensity. The prevalence of postoperative knee pain was much reduced with the suprapatellar approach. When the operational times of the two groups are compared, it is evident that the operational times are longer in the infra group, with a t value of 33.061 and a statistically significant p value of <0.001. With a t value of 8.744 and a p value of <0.001, a comparison of the blood loss (mops used) between the two groups reveals that the infrared group's blood loss (mops used) is higher.
When the VAS of the two groups is compared, the infra group's VAS is higher; its t value is 14.851 and its p value is <0.001, statistically significant. When the Lysholm Scores of the two groups were observed and put on a comparison scale, the Supra group's score is higher, with a t value of -2.331 and a p value of 0.027 which is considered statistically significant.
