Abstract: Supracondylar fractures are most common elbow fractures in children and a most frequent fracture requiring surgery. The peak age for Supracondylar fractures is 5-7 years. Fractures are usually caused by fall onto outstretched hand with the elbow in extension. They reported to be 18% of paediatric fractures. they are also associated with neurovascular injuries and compartment syndrome. Complications like deformity, malunion and stiffness can occur.
This is a retrospective study on displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus of extension type in 30 children with a mean age of 6 years (5-12 years) who were treated at Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences from 2019 and 2021 with closed reduction and percutaneous fixation with two K-wires from the lateral side. This study included Gartland type II and III fractures. There was a superior occurrence in boys (20 patients) than in girls (10 patients), and injury was further common on the right elbow (19 patients) than on the left elbow (11 patients). This study included 17 patients with Type II fractures and 13 patients had Type III fractures. 6 patients had emergency treatment for their injuries, 18 patients were treated within 24 hours of being injured, and 6 patients were treated between 24 and 48 hours after the fracture took place.
The results were accoding to Flynn’s criteria- excellent in 24 patients, fair in 4 patients, and poor in 2 patients.
Initially, the K-wire position were all from the lateral side, and was convergent in 25, divergent in 3 patients and parallel in 2 patients. K-wires were removed at a mean of 3- 4 weeks. Callus was observed in 25 patients and rehabilitation treatment was indicated. The mean followup was 15-18 weeks.
The reduction was considered sufficient in 25 patients and insufficient in 3 patients. In 2 patients, there was a subsequent loss of reduction, and these 2 patients, another procedure was done using closed remanipulation and fixation with a third K-wire. In one patients, full range of motion was not reached; there was a loss of 5° of flexion and loss of 8° of extension.
